DNA damage and tumorigenesis

DNA damage and tumorigenesis.

Asacomplexpathologicprocess,tumorigenesishas involved various regulating mechanisms at molecular and cellular levels, particularly tightly related to DNA damage. In previous issues of JMCB, we have published several papers highlighting the relationship between tumorigenesis and DNA damage. As a guest editor, Dr Shen has organized a special issue on genomic instability and cancer (Shen, 2011). I...

Radiation track and DNA damage

The Rad50 hook domain regulates DNA damage signaling and tumorigenesis.

The Mre11 complex (Mre11, Rad50, and Nbs1) is a central component of the DNA damage response (DDR), governing both double-strand break repair and DDR signaling. Rad50 contains a highly conserved Zn(2+)-dependent homodimerization interface, the Rad50 hook domain. Mutations that inactivate the hook domain produce a null phenotype. In this study, we analyzed mutants with reduced hook domain functi...

Inflammation, DNA Damage, Helicobacter pylori and Gastric Tumorigenesis

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram negative bacterium that colonizes the stomach of almost half human population. It has evolved to escape immune surveillance, establishes lifelong inflammation, predisposing to genomic instability and DNA damage, notably double strand breaks. The epithelial host cell responds by activation of DNA damage repair (DDR) machinery that seems to be compromised...

Role of MUTYH and MSH2 in the control of oxidative DNA damage, genetic instability, and tumorigenesis.

Mismatch repair is the major pathway controlling genetic stability by removing mispairs caused by faulty replication and/or mismatches containing oxidized bases. Thus, inactivation of the Msh2 mismatch repair gene is associated with a mutator phenotype and increased cancer susceptibility. The base excision repair gene Mutyh is also involved in the maintenance of genomic integrity by repairing p...